河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

本文基于30个省级面板数据实证检验了农业劳动力转移比、劳动投入和农业机械化水平对粮食生产效率的影响。研究结果发现，农业劳动力转移比和单位农地机械化水平对粮食生产效率影响均显著正相关，但不同类型区域存在差异，劳动投入对粮食生产效率的影响不确定。在全国样本和粮食主产区样本中，劳动力转移比和机械化水平的交互项与粮食生产效率显著正相关，机械化水平和劳动投入的交互项与粮食生产效率显著负相关。在非粮食主产区中，劳动力转移比和机械化水平的交互项与粮食生产效率不相关。总之，机械化水平对粮食生产率的提高具有显著的正效益，劳动投入在粮食主产区过于冗余，粮食主产区机械化替代劳动的弹性高于非主产区。因此，政府应大力推进农地制度改革，积极引导农地流转，提高农业机械化水平，并积极引导农业剩余人口向非农转移，积极探索禀赋异质性小农户与现代农业的有效衔接机制。

Using 30 provincial panel data, this paper empirically tests the impact of provincial agricultural labor transfer ratio, unit agricultural land labor input and unit agricultural land mechanization level on grain production efficiency. The results show that the labor transfer ratio has a significant impact on grain production efficiency, but there are differences in different types of regions, and the impact of labor input on grain production efficiency is uncertain. In the national sample and the sample of main grain producing areas, the interactive items of labor transfer ratio and mechanization level are significantly positively correlated with grain production efficiency, and the interactive items of mechanization level and labor input are significantly negatively correlated with grain production efficiency. In non grain producing areas, the interaction terms of labor transfer ratio and mechanization level are not related to grain production efficiency. In short, the mechanization level has significant positive benefits for the improvement of grain productivity. Labor input is too redundant in the main grain producing areas, and the substitution degree of mechanization level for labor in the main grain producing areas is higher than that in the non main grain producing areas. Therefore, the government should vigorously promote the reform of agricultural land system, actively guide the circulation of agricultural land and improve the level of agricultural mechanization. Actively guide the transfer of agricultural surplus population to non-agricultural areas, and actively explore the effective connection mechanism between endowment heterogeneous small farmers and modern agriculture.