河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

钱玄同是五四新文化运动的主要代表人物之一,在反对封建主义,提倡新文化方面做出了杰出的贡献。在"五四"后新文化阵营的几次争论中,他以一个纯粹思想家的身份参与其中,有时甚至是争论的一方和主要代表人物。争论中显示了他的理性主义态度和自由主义立场。但"五四"风暴过后,随着《新青年》阵营的分裂,以争论为载体,新文化阵营也随之分裂。钱玄同与原属新文化阵营的共产党人在对很多问题的认识上产生了矛盾和分歧,并因而成为他没有信仰马克思主义、加入中国共产党从而走上革命家的道路的重要原因之一,也因而受到了后人的批评和指责。有人认为,五四风暴过后,钱玄同成了鲁迅在《南腔北调集·〈自选集〉自序》中所说的"《新青年》的团体散掉了,有的高升,有的退隐,有的前进……"中"高升"的一个。还有人认为五四风暴过后,钱玄同思想"僵化"了,"落伍"了,甚至"倒退"了,说他躲进了宁静的书斋,从而与革命者分道扬镳。然而,事实并非如此简单。"五四"后,钱玄同思想并未僵化和倒退,而是在思想和学术领域仍然发挥着重要的作用,并且同新文化阵营产生争论和分歧的原因在于思想家和政治家不同的认识逻辑。

QIAN Xuantong , Who has made great contributions in opposing the feudalism and promoting the new culture , was one of the important representatives in the May 4th New Culture Movement . As a pure thinker, he joined the debates with the members of the New Culture Camp after the May 4th Movement , and displayed his idealistic attitude and liberalistic stand. But after the May 4th Movement , the New Culture Camp broke up , and there arised contradictions and divergences on many questions between QIAN Xuantong and the communists who had been members in the New Culture Camp,which might be one of the important reasons why QIAN Xuantong didn't believe marxism and didn't join the Communist Party taking the revolutionary road. In the author's opinion , QIAN Xuantong still played an very important role in both ideology and academic field . And the reason that caused the divergences between QIAN Xuantong and the New Culture Cape may probably marxism and didn't join the Communist Party taking the revolutionary road.