河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

春秋战国时期是中国古代社会结构与意识形态发生深刻变化的时段,作为社会结构之重要组成的家族组织也有相应的演变。从商到春秋前期,个人淹没在家族中,个体意识无从提起。春秋中后期,家族内血缘亲族整体性开始出现裂隙,人们的家族意识逐渐淡化。战国时期,宗法制大家族进一步瓦解,家臣与家主之间由以前的忠贞关系演变成了契约关系,私人印章和个人墓地的出现反映人们对家族的漠视。社会中下层四处流动,力图摆脱家族的束缚,寻求自由发展。春秋战国时期家族意识的渐趋淡漠,个体意识的逐渐觉醒从另一个角度反映了当时社会的深层变迁,这种变迁奠定了中国古代思想文化发展的基础。

The period of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring states is a time of profound changes of ancient social structure and ideology.As an important component of social structure,family systems also develop accordingly.From Shang Dynasty to the early period of the Spring and Autumn period,any individual is drowned in families and there is not individual consciousness at all.In the middle and late period of the Spring and Autumn period,a crack began to appear in the integrity of the consanguinity family and at the same time the consciousness of a family became dim gradually.In Warring States period,the family further crumbled.The patriarchal clan system and clans were treated with indifference.The relationship between home officials and masters evolved from loyalty to contract.The personal signet and graveyard emerged.Persons shook off the yoke of families and go from place to place to look for free development.The indifference of the family consciousness and the awareness of individual consciousness fleck the profound social changes of that time,which settles the foundation of the development of ancient ideology and then influence the history of China.