新加坡人口政策的转型与发展评估
龚达伟
摘要(Abstract)：
新加坡的人口政策演变一直与本国的地缘环境、移民情况以及历史发展息息相关。在过去30年间,新加坡经历的最为深刻的社会转变之一就是从一个年轻的、快速成长的高生育率人口国家过渡成为一个生育率长期低下且国内人口增长较低的快速老龄化国家。如何应对已经来临的老龄社会是新加坡政府必须面对的课题。随着新移民的持续涌入,新加坡的人口政策进行了适时的调整,在生育问题方面,政府对国民采取了积极鼓励的政策,以应对日渐老龄化的社会所带来的人口压力。但是政府的政策即使出发点是好的,也往往会引起民意反弹,比如政府针对2030年人口数量及新加坡未来发展所推出的人口白皮书,就在新加坡民众中反响较大。
关键词(KeyWords)： 新加坡人口;新加坡华人;新移民;人口政策
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 龚达伟
DOI: 10.16366/j.cnki.1000-2359.2013.04.047
参考文献(References)：
- [1]Robin Chan and Leonard Lim.Population 2030[N].The Straits Times.2013-02-02.
- [2]Theresa Wong and Brenda S.A.Yeoh.Fertility and the Family:An Overview of Pro-natalist Population Policies in Singa-pore[J].Asian Meta Centre Research Papers Series,2003(12).
- [3]Saw Swee-Hock.The Population of Singapore[M].Singapore:ISEAS,2007:8-9.
- [4]Kuo,E.C.Y.and Wong,A.K.Some Observations on the Study of Family Change in Singapore[M]∥J.H.Ong,C.K.Tong and E.S.Tan.Understanding Singapore Society.Singapore:Times Academic Press,1979:231-238.
- [5]王赓武.中国与海外华人[M].香港:商务印书馆,1994:6-7;Zhuang Guotu and Wang Wangbo.Migration and Trade:TheRole of Overseas Chinese in Economics Relations between China and Southeast Asia[J].International Journal of ChinaStudies,2010(1).
- [6]Andrew William Lind.Nanyang Perspective:Chinese Students in Multiracial Singapore[M].Honolulu:University Press ofHawaii,1974:15.
- [7]Koh Eng Chuan.Will Singapore’s Fertility Rise in the Near Future?A Cohort Analysis of Fertility[J].Asian PopulationStudies,2010(1).
- [8]Singapore Department of Statistics.Census of Population 2010:Advance Census Release[J].Singapore Department of Sta-tistics,2010(3).
- [9]Christine Wong.Rebuilding Government for the 21st Century:Can China Incrementally Reform the Public Sector?[J].The China Quarterly,2009(200).
- [10]See Yap Mui Teng.The Demographic Base[M]∥Kernial Singh Sandhu and Paul Wheatley.Management of Success:TheMoulding of Modern Singapore.Singapore:ISEAS,1989:455-476.
- [11]Country Studies.Population[J/OL].Available:www.country-studies.com/singapore/population.html.
- [12]Yap Mui Teng.The Aging Population[M]∥Terence Chong.Management of Success:Singapore Revisited.Singapore:ISEAS,2010:183-198.
- [13]National Population and Talent Division.Prime Minister’s Office,Marriage and Parenthood Trends in Singapore[J].Oc-casional Paper,2012:1-11.
- [14]National Population and Talent Division.Prime Minister’s Office(PMO).Our Demographics Challenges and What ThisMeans to Us[J].2012(13).
- [15]Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD),“OECD International Futures Programme-The Futureof the Family to 2030:A Scoping Report”[J].19 Dec 2008,available:http://www.ngobg.info/bg/documents/49/581thefutureofthefamilyto2030.pdf.
- [16]Chen Shu-ching,Jean,Singapore’s Unloved Chinese Labour Bloom[J/OL].available at:http://www.littlespeck.com/content/people/CTrendsPeople-080516.htm.
- [17]National Population and Talent Division(Singapore).Population in Brief 2012[J],Sep 2012:17.
- [18]World Economic Forum.Global Population Aging:Peril or Promise?[J].Global Agenda Council On Aging Society,2012.
- [19]National Population and Talent Division(Singapore).Population in Brief[J],Sep 2012:2.
- [20]Prime Minister Office(Singapore).PM Quizzed for Ideal Population Size at Forum[J/OL],2012:http://www.pmo.gov.sg/content/pmosite/mediacentre/inthenews/primeminister/2012/September/pm_quizzed_on_idealpopulationsizeatfo-rum.m.html.
- [21]Gundy Cahyadi,Barbara Kursten,Marc Weiss,and Guang Yang.Singapore’s Economic Transformation[J].Global Ur-ban Development,2004(6).
- [22]Channel News Asia,Singapore.Major Shift in Economic Gears in Population White Paper:DPM Teo[J/OL].(2013-01-31)http://news.xin.msn.com/en/singapore/article.aspx?cp-documentid=251737191.
- [23]Ministry of National Development.Ensuring a High Quality Living Environment for all Singaporeans[J].(2013-01-31)ht-tp://app.mnd.gov.sg/Newsroom/NewsPage.aspx?ID=4166&category=Press%20Release&year=2013&RA1=&RA2=&RA3.
- [24]Patricia Kummer.Singapore:Enchantment of the World[M].Canada:Scholastic Inc.,2003:73.